clark kozma medium method map territory message

The use of books might be preferable to a visual-verbal learner, but providing this same student with multimedia might not produce similar results. The media on which instruction is based clearly influences learners differently. Similarly, this can be applied to learning. Perhaps a liquid injection will allow the active ingredient to penetrate certain tissue better and thereby procure a better response in a shorter time? So to say that the net result is the same, is erroneous. The effectiveness of the drug is enhanced or reduced by the medium in which it is delivered. He mentions that although the speed of delivery and absorption may be different, the net result is the same. In his article, Clark presents an analogy that is medical in nature: different forms of the same drug are equally effective as long as the active ingredient is present. Other factors such as learner differences can also work in concert to influence the choice of media. They do not seem to be mutually exclusive although they do refer to different things. The type of instruction method clearly influences the choice of media and vice versa.

Why is it that learning cannot be influenced in the same way by different media? Does it necessitate creating an “unexplainable phenomenon” to explain this? In fact, I hardly think that instruction method can be effectively separated from the medium through which it occurs. My personal perceptions of media and learning lean towards Kozma rather than Clark, therefore I do believe that media do influence learning.Ĭlark argues that a number of media attributes serve similar cognitive functions and therefore something underlying, that cannot be explained, is responsible for cognitive function. are instruction methods really separable from media?

Clark kozma medium method map territory message